What is the main impact of the Conference on Security and Co- operation in Europe (CSCE) and its follow-up process? The answer to that question should reflect upon the past as well as the future aspects of the CSCE process. The CSCE was the result of a firm commitment by the 35 participating states to improve and enhance their mutual relations for the benefit of their peoples. At the same time the CSCE was an ex- pression of their desire to strive for peace, security, justice, and co-op- eration in Europe. The CSCE gave clear evidence of their desire to overcome differences and to em- phasize unifying factors ~ security and the need to aspire to the com- mon good at the intergovernmental, national, and individual levels. The CSCE succeeded despite these countries’ differing historical back- grounds, social objectives, and po- litical systems. For the future the CSCE process continues to hold out a promise of an ongoing process of building con- fidence, solving problems through negotiations, and engaging in wide- ranging co-operation. For the fulfilment of these en- deavours a jointly approved pro- gramme of action was established — the Final Act of Helsinki. The Fi- nal Act defines the principles guid- = ing relations between the partici- pating states and sets up a frame-: work of co-operation for the realiza- ERILAISET TILAISUUDET TORONTO Finn Centre 465-8981 Ikinuorten kerhon toiminta- paikka Finn Centre, 217 Danforth Ave., on auki kello 10 jalkeen jo- kaisen vilkon torstalaamuna, Ter- vetuloa rentoutumaan, juodaan kahvia ja pelataan bingoa! CANADA NL-SEURA 977-5819 CANADA NL-SEURAN matk atoimisto: CANSOV 596-1323 280 Queen St., W., Toronto, On- tario THUNDER BAY Tkinuorten kokoukset haalilla, 316 Bay St., joka kuukauden en- simmainen ja kolmas keskiviikko, alkaen kello 1.30 ip. [kinuorten voimisteluharjoituk- set joka keskiviikko, alkaen kello [1 ap. Lauluharjoitukset ensim- mdinen ja kolmas keskiviikko kello [2 kunnes toisin maarataan, Jarjeston kuukausikokous toi- nen lauantai kuukaudesta- alkaen kello | iltapaivalla. SUDBURY CSJ:n Sudburyn osaston koko- ukset joka kuukauden toisena maa- nantaina klo 11 aamupaivalla, Pos- tiosoite: P.O. Box 354, Station ‘B’ Sudbury, Ontario P3E 4P2. Sudburyn Seurakerhon viikot- taiset harjoitukset- ja ajanvietetilai- suudet Jubilee Centre (entinen Finnish haali) joka tiistai, alkaen kello 10 ap. Uudet jasenet tervetuloa ker- homme toimintaan! 12 tion of these principles. The CSCE signifies the accep- tance by the participating states of the premise that security in Europe is indivisible and recognizes their sovereign equality and common re- sponsibility for that security. This principle underlines vividly that each and every state has a contribu- tion to make to the strengthening of that security. The Madrid follow-up meeting was able to agree upon an extensive and substantive concluding docu- ment that contained the mandate for the Conference on Confidence- and Security-Building Measures and Disarmament in Europe (CDE). During much of the Mad- rid meeting, international relations were rather strained, but dialogue continued and in the end the meet- ing led to agreement on widening some areas of co-operation, After Madrid, the CDE has been in pro- gress since 1984 and the interna- tional atmosphere has clearly im- proved. Some credit can certainly be attributed to the CSCE process. It is obvious that in the final analy- sis all participating states are inter- ested in continuing and further de- veloping the CSCE process. It is true that the implementa- tion of the Helsinki Final Act and the Madrid Concluding Document is incomplete, but the work ts in progress. The CSCE process inher- ently requires progress in all fields of co-operation: in security, eco- nomic, and humanitarian questions. The process should strive to pro- mote peace, security, and better re- lations between states as well as to improve lives of individuals so that the peoples of Europe could be for- ever freed from the threat of war and human suffering which so of- ten in the past has been their lot. History proves that Finland’s for- tunes are closely linked with the rest of Europe. Relaxation of ten- sions and the development of * peaceful co-operation in Europe 1s always a very good thing for Fin- land. Thus the furtherance of the CSCE process is per se In our very best interests. Simultaneously Finland has had The following may be fami- liar to most readers, but it has been said that repetition is the mother of learning. Finns as a Nation: The total Finnish-speaking population of Europe is esti- mated at five million. The ma- jority of Finns live in the Re- public of Finland. They cons- titute 91.5% of the population. There are two other major ethnic groups in the country: the Swedes, mostly occupying the southern coastal areas; and the Lapps, occupying the northern- most area, The population of Finland in 1970 was 4,695,000. The Republic of Finland is fairly young. The country gain- ed its independence on Decem- ber 6, 1917. Prior to that, the Finns were ruled by Russia since 1809), and by Sweden (from 1323 to 1809). Finns as a Linguistic Group: The Finns are linguistically a relatively homogenous group. Finnish has been consciously de- Chancellor Helmut Schmidt and First Secretary Janos Kadar of Hungary. First Secretary Erich Honecker of the German Democratic Republic and Premier Pierre Trudeau of Canada. a welcome opportunity of expound- ing and making known her policy of neutrality during the ongoing CSCE process. In pursuance of its policy of neutrality Finland strives consistently to act in accordance with the requirements for further- ing peace, security, and co-opera- lion. In the early 70s the CSCE idea began to take shape. In view of her position and experience Finland was particularly well placed to of- fer her good offices for the prepara- tion and convocation of the Confer- ence. As the host country for the First and Third Stage of the Con- ference Finland performed with distinction in her dual role as the host for the Conference and as a participant in international co-oper- ation. Within the follow-up process of the CSCE since 1975, Finland -- to- gether with the other participating neutral and non-aligned states ~ has consistently worked to facilitate its smooth progress. Our contribuuon in that respect has inspired confi- S in Finland as a serious and ~~ ynstruclive partner in the CSCE | am very much looking forward to the Anniversary Meeting. | avail myself of this opportunity to bid the participants welcome to Helsin- ki. Finland will be doing its custom- ary best to perform again with dis- tinction as the host and as a partict- eloped as a literary language Since the translation of the Primer and the New Testament into Finnish in 1543 and 1548, respectively, by Mikael Agri- cola. The western dialect of Turku used in this translation dominated the written language until the turn of the [9th century. At this time, an inte- rest inthe oral folk tradition of the eastern Finns led to a battle between the eastern and western dialects. This was reconciled after the 1835 and 1849 pub- lications of the Kalevala, a collection of epic poetry from eastern Finland by Elias Lonnrot. After this, a balance of features of both dialect groups appeared in the Finnish gram- mar, Today, there are five main dialects of Finnish, all of which have a literary status. (The bibliography is available by request) By. Vappu Tyyska Federal Chancellor Bruno Kreisky of Austria and President Gerald Ford. Archbishop Makarios, President of the Republic of Cyprus, and Prime Minister Olof Palme of Sweden. pant in order to assure the success of the Meeting and to further of the cause of peace, security, and co-op- eration in Europe and beyond. Miinoja mannyissa Lahelta Kostamuksen kau- punkia on ldydetty korkealla mannyissa roukkuvia jalka- at _- Vakimtinoja. Pioneerit ovat teh- neet ne vaarattomiksi. Miinat osoittautuivat toisen maailmansodan aikaisiksi. Ne oli ripustettu nuoriin mantyihin, Kuluneiden vuosikymmenten aikana mannyt kasvoivatja nos- tivat miinat ihmisille vaaratto- man korkealle. Miinat loysivat sattumalta rakentajat, jotka etsivat sopivaa huvilan rakennuspaikkaa. Joensuun lauluju Mahtavaan yhteisesityk- seen paattyivat tamanvuotiset Joensuun laulujuhlat. Viiden- sien laulujuhlien paatdstilai- suudessa lahes 10,000 ihmista oli kuuntelemassa 1.500 kan- sallispukuisen laulajan kuoro- esitystéa. Muutenkin laulujuhlat olivat miellyttava yllatys jarjes- tajille, silla viikon aikana kertyi katselijoita noin 60.000. Joen- suussa Sai ensi-iltansa myds Eino-Juhani Rautavaaran oop- perateos Thomas, jonka nimi- roolissa lauloi Jorma Hynni- nen, Ensi vuonna laulujuhlien luonne muuttuu hieman, silla silloin pidetaan kirkkolaulujuh- lat. ALUMI! MIESTEN Fs — «ahOE ey RUOMGON a EOE SS OPTOMETRISTT? | Halutaan ostaa aluminiun: ‘i | Puh. konttori 674-4014 | ding scarp (romue) paivan kor- kotlin 673-0705 keimpiin hintoihin, Rehellinen CITY CENTRE, HUONE 216 punnitus, Toisessa_Kerroksessa | , SUDBURY, Ontario’ HOUSE OF METALS | | Vastaanotto ESPANOLASSA 45 Commercial.Rd. | Keskiv. klo 11 ap. — 9 tp. Toronto 17, Leaside Puh. 869-2920 Kolme korttelia etelain Eglin- | tonista, itddn Laird Drivesta. Puh: 421-1572 AUNIITA UKKIA UKKAKIMPPUJA UKKALAITTEITA -HAUTAUSTOIMISTO | Hautaukset [00 miailin sdteella Sudburysta toimitetaan ilman lisamaksua, PUHELIN 673-9591 PUHELIN 6739591 252 Regent St. South Hazel kadun kulm. Sudbury FLOWER SERVICE Pubelin 673-92 252 Regent St. 8. Hazel kadun kulm 22 Durham St. N. SUDBURY Jos lehtenne mydhastyy usein, tayttakada allaoleva kuponki ja lahettakaa Viikkosanomien konttoriin tai antakaa paikkakuntanne asiamiehelle. Name (Nimi). 0... 0.00.0005- Addres (Osoite) ........... Issue No: (Lehden numero) Arrived (Saapui) ........... Viikkosanomat 1088 Pape Ave Toronto, Ontario M4K 3W5 Ate Aen heb ag